Alumina hmoov breakthrough hauv 3D luam ntawv cov ntaub ntawv
Taug kev mus rau hauv chav kuaj ntawm Northwestern Polytechnical University, lub teeb-kho3D tshuab luam ntawv yog humming me ntsis, thiab lub laser beam tsiv precisely nyob rau hauv lub ceramic slurry. Tsuas yog ob peb teev tom qab ntawd, cov tub ntxhais hluas ceramic nrog cov qauv zoo li lub pob zeb loj tau nthuav tawm tag nrho - nws yuav raug siv los nrum cov turbine hniav ntawm cov tshuab dav hlau. Xib fwb Su Haijun, uas yog tus saib xyuas qhov project, tau taw qhia rau cov khoom siv me me thiab hais tias: "Peb xyoos dhau los, peb tsis xav txog qhov tseeb. Qhov tseem ceeb ntawm kev tawg yog muab zais rau hauv cov hmoov alumina uas tsis pom tseeb."
Ib zaug dhau los, alumina ceramics zoo li "cov tub ntxhais kawm teeb meem" hauv thaj tsam ntawm3D luam ntawv- siab zog, kub tsis kam, rwb thaiv tsev zoo, tab sis thaum nws luam tawm, nws muaj ntau yam teeb meem. Raws li cov txheej txheem ib txwm muaj, alumina hmoov tsis zoo fluidity thiab feem ntau thaiv lub taub hau luam ntawv; tus nqi shrinkage thaum lub sij hawm sintering tuaj yeem siab li 15% -20%, thiab cov khoom uas tau luam tawm nrog kev siv zog zoo yuav deform thiab tawg sai li sai tau thaum lawv hlawv; complex qauv? Nws tseem yog khoom kim heev. Cov kws tsim khoom muaj teeb meem: "Qhov no zoo li tus kws ua yeeb yam tawv ncauj, nrog cov tswv yim qus tab sis txhais tes tsis txaus."
1. Lavxias teb sab mis: Muab "ceramic armor" rau ntawmaluminiummatrix
Lub ntsiab lus tig thawj zaug los ntawm kev hloov pauv hauv cov khoom tsim. Xyoo 2020, cov kws tshawb fawb cov ntaub ntawv los ntawm National University of Science thiab Technology (NUST MISIS) ntawm Russia tau tshaj tawm cov cuab yeej cuam tshuam. Es tsis txhob tsuas yog sib xyaw aluminium oxide hmoov, lawv muab cov hmoov txhuas hmoov txhuas rau hauv autoclave thiab siv hydrothermal oxidation kom "loj hlob" ib txheej ntawm aluminium oxide zaj duab xis nrog cov tuab tuab ntawm cov txheej txheem txhuas, ib yam li muab ib txheej ntawm nano-theem armor rau ntawm lub pob txhuas. Qhov "core-plhaub qauv" hmoov no qhia tau hais tias kev ua tau zoo thaum lub sij hawm laser 3D luam ntawv (SLM thev naus laus zis): qhov hardness yog 40% siab dua li ntawm cov ntaub ntawv ntshiab txhuas, thiab qhov kub thiab txias stability yog zoo heev, ncaj qha mus ntsib aviation-qib yuav tsum tau.
Xib fwb Alexander Gromov, tus thawj coj ntawm txoj haujlwm, tau ua qhov sib piv zoo li no: "Thaum yav dhau los, cov ntaub ntawv sib xyaw zoo li cov zaub nyoos - txhua tus yog tus tswj hwm nws tus kheej kev lag luam; peb cov hmoov zoo li cov qhaub cij - txhuas thiab alumina tom ib txheej los ntawm txheej, thiab tsis tuaj yeem ua yam tsis muaj lwm yam." Qhov kev sib txuas muaj zog no tso cai rau cov khoom siv los qhia nws qhov kev ua tau zoo hauv lub dav hlau cav qhov chaw thiab ultra-lub teeb lub cev ntas, thiab txawm pib los tawm tsam thaj chaw ntawm titanium alloys.
2. Suav kev txawj ntse: cov khawv koob ntawm "setting" ceramics
Qhov mob loj tshaj plaws ntawm alumina ceramic luam ntawv yog sintering shrinkage - xav txog tias koj ua tib zoo kneaded ib tug av nplaum daim duab, thiab nws shrink mus rau qhov loj ntawm qos yaj ywm sai li sai tau mus rau hauv lub qhov cub. Nws yuav vau ntau npaum li cas? Thaum ntxov 2024, cov txiaj ntsig tau tshaj tawm los ntawm Xib Fwb Su Haijun cov pab pawg ntawm Northwestern Polytechnical University hauv Phau Ntawv Xov Xwm ntawm Cov Khoom Siv Science & Technology tau teeb tsa kev lag luam: lawv tau txais zero-shrinkage alumina ceramic core nrog lub shrinkage tus nqi tsuas yog 0.3%.
Qhov zais cia yog ntxivaluminium hmoovmus rau alumina thiab tom qab ntawd ua si qhov tseeb "kev ua khawv koob".
Ntxiv cov hmoov txhuas: Sib tov 15% ntawm cov hmoov txhuas zoo rau hauv cov khoom siv ceramic
Tswj cov huab cua: Siv cov roj argon tiv thaiv thaum pib ntawm sintering los tiv thaiv cov hmoov txhuas los ntawm oxidizing
Kev hloov pauv ntse: Thaum qhov kub nce mus txog 1400 ° C, mam li hloov cov huab cua mus rau huab cua
Nyob rau hauv-situ oxidation: Aluminium hmoov instantly melts rau hauv tee thiab oxidizes rau txhuas oxide, thiab ntim expansion offsets contraction
3. Binder kiv puag ncig: txhuas hmoov hloov mus rau hauv "tsis pom cov kua nplaum"
Thaum cov pab pawg Lavxias thiab Suav tau ua haujlwm hnyav ntawm kev hloov pauv hmoov, lwm txoj hauv kev tau ua ntsiag to - siv cov hmoov txhuas ua cov ntawv khi. Cov tsoos ceramic3D luam ntawvCov binders feem ntau yog cov organic resins, uas yuav tawm hauv kab noj hniav thaum hlawv thaum degreasing. Ib pab pawg neeg hauv tsev xyoo 2023 patent siv txoj hauv kev sib txawv: ua cov hmoov txhuas rau hauv dej-raws li binder47.
Thaum lub sij hawm luam ntawv, lub nozzle raug tshuaj tsuag "cov kua nplaum" uas muaj 50-70% txhuas hmoov ntawm txhuas oxide hmoov txheej. Thaum nws los txog rau theem degreasing, lub tshuab nqus tsev yog kos thiab cov pa oxygen dhau mus, thiab cov hmoov txhuas yog oxidized rau txhuas oxide ntawm 200-800 ° C. Cov yam ntxwv ntawm qhov ntim nthuav dav ntawm ntau dua 20% tso cai rau nws kom nquag plias lub qhov hws thiab txo qis qis kom tsawg dua 5%. "Nws yog qhov sib npaug ntawm kev rhuav tshem lub scaffolding thiab tsim lub phab ntsa tshiab tib lub sijhawm, sau koj tus kheej qhov! " ib tug engineer piav nws li no.
4. Kev kos duab ntawm cov khoom: yeej ntawm spherical hmoov
Lub "zoo" ntawm alumina hmoov tau npaj txhij los ua tus yuam sij rau kev tawg - qhov zoo li no hais txog cov duab particle. Ib txoj kev tshawb fawb hauv phau ntawv journal "Open Ceramics" hauv 2024 piv cov kev ua tau zoo ntawm cov hmoov sib npaug thiab tsis zoo alumina hauv fused deposition (CF³) luam ntawv5:
Spherical hmoov: ntws zoo li cov xuab zeb zoo, tus nqi sau ntau tshaj 60%, thiab luam ntawv yog du thiab silky
Cov hmoov tsis sib xws: daig zoo li coarse qab zib, viscosity yog 40 npaug siab dua, thiab lub nozzle raug thaiv kom tsis ntseeg lub neej
Txawm tias zoo dua, qhov ntom ntawm cov khoom luam tawm los ntawm cov hmoov kheej kheej tau yooj yim tshaj 89% tom qab sintering, thiab qhov saum npoo tiav ncaj qha raws li tus qauv. "Leej twg tseem siv "dab tuag" hmoov tam sim no? Fluidity yog kev sib ntaus sib tua! Tus kws tshaj lij luag nyav thiab xaus lus 5.
Yav tom ntej: Hnub qub thiab hiav txwv coexist nrog me thiab zoo nkauj
Lub 3D luam tawm kiv puag ncig ntawm alumina hmoov yog deb ntawm dhau. Kev lag luam tub rog tau ua tus thawj coj hauv kev siv zero shrinkage cores los tsim turbofan hniav; biomedical teb tau coj ib tug zoo nkauj rau nws biocompatibility thiab pib luam customized pob txha cog; Kev lag luam hluav taws xob tau tsom rau cov cua sov dissipation substrates - tom qab tag nrho, cov thermal conductivity thiab tsis yog hluav taws xob conductivity ntawm alumina yog irreplaceable.