Txog Cov Khoom Siv Inorganic - Cerium Oxide
Cerium oxideyog ib yam khoom inorganic nrog cov tshuaj formula CeO₂. Nws yog ib qho hmoov daj daj lossis xim av daj nrog qhov ceev ntawm 7.13 g / cm₃ thiab lub ntsiab lus yaj ntawm 2397 ° C. Nws tsis yaj hauv dej thiab alkali, tab sis me ntsis yaj hauv kua qaub. Ntawm 2000 ° C thiab 15 MPa, cerium oxide tuaj yeem txo nrog hydrogen los tsimcerium trioxideThaum kub ntawm 2000°C thiab siab tshaj 5 MPa, cerium oxide muaj xim daj-liab, qee zaum xim liab. Nws yog siv los ua cov khoom siv txhuam hniav, catalyst, catalyst carrier (additive), UV absorber, roj cell electrolyte, automobile exhaust absorber, thiab electronic ceramics.
Ⅰ. Siv
Tshuaj Oxidant. Catalyst rau cov tshuaj tiv thaiv organic. Cov hlau tsis tshua muaj nyob hauv ntiaj teb rau kev tshuaj xyuas hlau. Kev tshuaj xyuas Redox titration. Tshem tawm cov xim iav. Tshuaj pleev thaiv hnub enamel iav. Cov hlau nplaum uas tiv taus cua sov.
Siv ua ib yam khoom ntxiv rau hauv kev lag luam iav, ua ib yam khoom sib tsoo rau cov phaj iav, thiab hauv cov tshuaj pleev ib ce ua ib yam khoom tiv thaiv UV. Nws tau raug nthuav dav kom suav nrog kev txhuam cov iav tsom iav, cov iav kho qhov muag, thiab cov raj cathode ray, muab kev tshem tawm xim, kev ua kom pom tseeb, thiab kev nqus ntawm ultraviolet thiab electron beams.
Ⅱ. Cov teebmeem ntawm lub ntiajteb tsis tshua muaj
1. Lub Ntiaj Teb Tsis Tshua MuajCov teebmeem polishing
Cov hmoov txhuam hniav uas tsis tshua muaj neeg siv muaj qhov zoo ntawm kev txhuam hniav sai, ua tiav zoo, thiab siv tau ntev. Piv rau cov hmoov txhuam hniav hlau oxide ib txwm muaj, lawv zoo rau ib puag ncig thiab yooj yim tshem tawm ntawm cov kuab paug.Cov hmoov txhuam Cerium oxidetuaj yeem txhuam cov iav hauv ib feeb, thaum cov hmoov txhuam hlau oxide yuav siv sijhawm 30 txog 60 feeb. Yog li ntawd, cov hmoov txhuam av tsawg muaj qhov zoo ntawm kev siv tshuaj tsawg, kev nrawm nrawm, thiab kev ua haujlwm zoo. Lawv kuj tseem tuaj yeem txhim kho qhov zoo ntawm kev txhuam thiab qhov chaw ua haujlwm. Cov hmoov txhuam iav av tsawg feem ntau yog ua los ntawm cov cerium-nplua nuj oxides. Cerium oxide yog cov khoom sib xyaw ua kom zoo heev vim nws tuaj yeem txhuam iav tib lub sijhawm los ntawm kev rhuav tshem tshuaj lom neeg thiab kev sib txhuam tshuab. Cov hmoov txhuam av tsawg cerium yog siv dav hauv kev txhuam cov koob yees duab, cov iav koob yees duab video, cov raj duab TV, cov iav tsom iav, thiab lwm yam kev siv. kuv lub tebchaws muaj ntau lub Hoobkas txhuam hmoov av tsawg, nrog ntau dua kaum lub peev xwm tsim khoom tshaj 100 tons. Baotou Tianjiao Qingmei Rare Earth Polishing Powder Co., Ltd., ib lub tuam txhab koom tes Sino-txawv teb chaws, yog ib lub tuam txhab tsim hmoov txhuam av tsawg loj tshaj plaws hauv kuv lub tebchaws, nrog lub peev xwm tsim khoom txhua xyoo ntawm 1,200 tons. Nws cov khoom raug muag hauv tsev thiab thoob ntiaj teb.
2. Kev Tshem Xim Iav
Txhua lub iav muaj hlau oxide, uas tuaj yeem nkag mus rau hauv lub iav los ntawm cov khoom siv raw, xuab zeb, limestone, thiab cullet hauv cov iav. Nws muaj ob hom: hlau divalent, uas hloov lub iav xiav tsaus, thiab hlau trivalent, uas hloov nws daj. Kev tshem xim suav nrog oxidizing cov hlau divalent ions rau hlau trivalent, vim tias hlau trivalent tsuas muaj ib feem kaum ntawm nws cov divalent counterpart. Tom qab ntawd ntxiv cov xim kho kom tsis txhob muaj xim rau lub teeb ntsuab.
Cov khoom siv tsis tshua muaj av siv rau kev tshem xim iav feem ntau yog cerium oxide thiab neodymium oxide. Cov khoom siv tshem xim iav tsis tshua muaj av hloov cov khoom siv tshem xim dawb arsenic ib txwm muaj, txhim kho kev ua haujlwm zoo thaum tsis muaj kev sib kis ntawm arsenic. Cerium oxide muaj qhov zoo ntawm kev ruaj khov hauv qhov kub siab, tus nqi qis, thiab tsis nqus lub teeb pom kev rau kev tshem xim iav.
3.Xim iav
Cov ions tsis tshua muaj av ua rau muaj xim ruaj khov thiab ci ntsa iab ntawm qhov kub siab thiab siv los tsim ntau yam iav xim los ntawm kev ntxiv rau hauv cov kua. Cov oxides tsis tshua muaj av xws li neodymium, praseodymium, erbium, thiab cerium yog cov xim iav zoo heev. Thaum cov iav pob tshab nrog cov xim no nqus tau lub teeb pom kev ntawm 400 thiab 700 nanometers, nws ua rau muaj xim zoo nkauj. Cov iav xim no tuaj yeem siv los tsim cov teeb qhia rau kev tsav dav hlau, kev caij nkoj, thiab ntau yam tsheb thauj mus los, nrog rau ntau yam khoom dai kom zoo nkauj zoo nkauj.
Thaum ntxiv neodymium oxide rau hauv cov iav soda-lime thiab lead, qhov tob ntawm cov iav xim nyob ntawm qhov tuab, cov ntsiab lus neodymium, thiab qhov muaj zog ntawm lub teeb. Cov iav nyias zoo li xim liab dawb, thaum cov iav tuab dua zoo li xiav-ntshav. Qhov xwm txheej no hu ua neodymium dichroism. Praseodymium oxide tsim cov xim ntsuab zoo ib yam li chromium. Erbium oxide, siv rau hauv cov iav photochromic thiab cov iav siv lead ua, tsim cov xim liab dawb. Cerium oxide ua ke nrog titanium dioxide tsim cov xim daj. Praseodymium oxide thiab neodymium oxide tuaj yeem siv rau hauv cov iav praseodymium-neodymium dub.
4. Cov Khoom Siv Uas Ua Rau Lub Ntiaj Teb Tsis Tshua Muaj
Siv cerium oxide, es tsis txhob siv arsenic oxide ib txwm, ua rau cov iav ntshiab kom tshem tawm cov npuas thiab cov xim me me. Qhov no zoo heev rau kev tsim cov fwj iav tsis muaj xim, ua rau cov iav dawb zoo li siv lead ua nrog kev pom tseeb zoo heev, lub zog iav zoo dua, thiab tiv taus cua sov zoo dua. Nws kuj tshem tawm cov pa phem arsenic rau ib puag ncig thiab iav nws tus kheej.
Tsis tas li ntawd xwb,cerium oxidetuaj yeem ntxiv rau cov iav txhua hnub, xws li cov iav vaj tse thiab tsheb, thiab cov iav siv lead ua, kom txo qhov UV transmittance. Daim ntawv thov no tau txais kev pom zoo dav dav hauv Nyiv Pooj thiab Tebchaws Meskas. Nrog kev txhim kho ntawm cov qauv kev ua neej nyob hauv kuv lub tebchaws, nws kuj xav tias yuav pom kev lag luam muaj zog. Neodymium oxide, ntxiv rau cathode ray tube iav, tshem tawm cov teeb liab dispersion thiab txhim kho qhov pom tseeb. Cov iav tshwj xeeb nrog cov khoom siv av tsis tshua muaj suav nrog: lanthanum iav, nrog nws cov refractive index siab thiab qis dispersion, yog siv dav hauv kev tsim ntau yam lens thiab cov koob yees duab siab heev thiab camcorder lens, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog cov rau cov khoom siv thaij duab siab; cerium radiation-proof iav, siv hauv tsheb iav thiab TV iav; thiab neodymium iav, cov khoom siv zoo tagnrho rau cov lasers loj, feem ntau hauv cov khoom siv nuclear fusion tswj.